Most damage to an island by mining

The small - 21 km2 8 miles2 - Pacific island-state of Nauru is covered by beds of phosphate, derived from rich deposits of guano.  The whole of the centre of the island has been mined, producing a lunar landscape, with only a narrow coastal strip still under vegetation.  The deposits will be worked out by around 2010 Nauru's economy depends almost entirely upon the extraction and export of phosphates.